What is it?

Earth and space science is the study of earth materials and space. In grades K-12 (NGSS) it focuses on a wide range of Earth and space concepts and includes: the universe and its stars, Earth and the solar system, the history of planet Earth, Earth materials and systems, plate tectonics and large-scale system interactions, the role of water in Earth’s surface processes, weather and climate, biogeology, natural resources, natural hazards, humans impact on earth systems, and global climate change (NGSS, 2013, Earth Space Science Progression). For early childhood and elementary learners, these core disciplinary ideas can include:

• Observational patterns and characteristics of the sun, moon, and stars
• Earth’s orbit and rotation
• Exploring how time and events have occurred on Earth
• Wind, water, ice, rainfall, gravity, rocks, and erosion
• Earthquakes and volcanoes
• Maps that indicated water and land
• Weather and weather patterns
• Natural resources & natural hazards
• Humans impact on the environment

The Tennessee Academic Standards for Science are organized with the NGSS core ideas and component ideas in mind. Further, some concepts are expanded to include specific concepts, terminology, and processes. For example, TN Standard 3.ESS1: Earth’s Place in the Universe includes a specific focus on the solar system and the physical properties of both inner and outer planets.

Applicable to the discussion here are the integrated STEM opportunities and links between engineering, technology, mathematics, and space science. Students can explore scientific discoveries on Earth and in space, investigate tools and machines (like microscopes, satellites, rockets, rovers on Mars, and computers) and explore the interconnected areas of spaceflight and space exploration. Students can engage in the stories and lives of diverse people represented in STEM careers, spaceflight, and space history. With a renewed focus on human spaceflight currently underway, students will likely experience in their lifetime a return to the Moon (estimated 2024) and perhaps a human landing on Mars (estimated 2040). Helpful resources for teachers and students can be easily found on the NASA.gov website and some relevant resources with excellent visual images and engagement opportunities for students are listed below.